symmetric encryption
Encrypt and decrypt using the same key. Fast speed, suitable for encrypting large amounts of data. Representative algorithms: AES, DES, 3DES. Key distribution is a challenge.
asymmetric encryption
Public key encryption, private key decryption. Resolve the issue of key distribution. Representative algorithms: RSA, ECC. Slow speed, suitable for small data and key exchange.
Hash algorithm
Unidirectional irreversibility, mapping any length of data to a fixed length hash value. Representative algorithms: MD5, SHA-256. Used for password storage and data verification.
Application Scenarios
HTTPS=Asymmetric Encryption Exchange Key+Symmetric Encryption Transmission Data. Password storage uses hashing with salt. Digital signatures use asymmetric encrypted hash values.
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